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本文链接: http://blog.csdn.net/xietansheng/article/details/78389255

Java Swing 图形界面开发（目录）

前面介绍每个组件时，几乎都已经介绍了相应事件的使用，这里仅对常用的事件做一个小整理。

1. 动作监听器 — ActionListener

动作监听器的动作通常为“点击动作”，常用的组件基本都支持该事件。如果有多个组件都需要设置动作监听器，可以为它们设置同一个实例，再为组件绑定不同的动作命令（ActionCommand）来区分当前触发事件的组件。

final String COMMAND_OK = "OK";
final String COMMAND_CANCEL = "Cancel";JButton okBtn = new JButton("OK");
okBtn.setActionCommand(COMMAND_OK);             // 按钮绑定动作命令JButton cancelBtn = new JButton("Cancel");
cancelBtn.setActionCommand(COMMAND_CANCEL);     // 按钮绑定动作命令// 创建一个动作监听器实例
ActionListener listener = new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {// 获取事件源，即触发事件的组件（按钮）本身// e.getSource();// 获取动作命令String command = e.getActionCommand();// 根据动作命令区分被点击的按钮if (COMMAND_OK.equals(command)) {System.out.println("OK 按钮被点击");} else if (COMMAND_CANCEL.equals(command)) {System.out.println("Cancel 按钮被点击");}}
};// 设置两个按钮的动作监听器（使用同一个监听器实例）
okBtn.addActionListener(listener);
cancelBtn.addActionListener(listener);

2. 焦点监听器 — FocusListener

一个窗口内的所有组件（包括窗口本身）同一时间只能有一个组件获得焦点。

JButton btn = new JButton("OK");
btn.addFocusListener(new FocusListener() {@Overridepublic void focusGained(FocusEvent e) {System.out.println("获得焦点: " + e.getSource());}@Overridepublic void focusLost(FocusEvent e) {System.out.println("失去焦点: " + e.getSource());}
});JTextField textField = new JTextField(10);
textField.addFocusListener(new FocusListener() {@Overridepublic void focusGained(FocusEvent e) {System.out.println("获得焦点: " + e.getSource());}@Overridepublic void focusLost(FocusEvent e) {System.out.println("失去焦点: " + e.getSource());}
});

3. 鼠标监听器 — MouseListener

JPanel panel = new JPanel();panel.addMouseListener(new MouseListener() {@Overridepublic void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {System.out.println("鼠标进入组件区域");}@Overridepublic void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {System.out.println("鼠标离开组建区域");}@Overridepublic void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {// 获取按下的坐标（相对于组件）e.getPoint();e.getX();e.getY();// 获取按下的坐标（相对于屏幕）e.getLocationOnScreen();e.getXOnScreen();e.getYOnScreen();// 判断按下的是否是鼠标右键e.isMetaDown();System.out.println("鼠标按下");}@Overridepublic void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {System.out.println("鼠标释放");}@Overridepublic void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {// 鼠标在组件区域内按下并释放（中间没有移动光标）才识别为被点击System.out.println("鼠标点击");}
});

4. 鼠标移动/拖动监听器 — MouseMotionListener

JPanel panel = new JPanel();panel.addMouseMotionListener(new MouseMotionListener() {@Overridepublic void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {// 鼠标保持按下状态移动即为拖动System.out.println("鼠标拖动");}@Overridepublic void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {System.out.println("鼠标移动");}
});

5. 鼠标滚轮监听器 — MouseWheelListener

JPanel panel = new JPanel();panel.addMouseWheelListener(new MouseWheelListener() {@Overridepublic void mouseWheelMoved(MouseWheelEvent e) {// e.getWheelRotation() 为滚轮滚动多少的度量System.out.println("mouseWheelMoved: " + e.getWheelRotation());}
});

6. 键盘监听器 — KeyListener

组件监听键盘的按键，该组件必须要获取到焦点。

如果一个窗口内没有可获取焦点的组件，一般打开窗口后焦点为窗口所有，可以把键盘监听器设置到窗口（JFrame）身上。

如果窗口内还有其他组件可获取焦点（例如按钮、文本框），窗口打开后焦点会被内部组件获得，如果想要在窗口打开期间都能监听键盘按键，可以为所有可获得焦点的组件都设置一个键盘监听器。

JFrame jf = new JFrame();jf.addKeyListener(new KeyListener() {@Overridepublic void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {// 获取键值，和 KeyEvent.VK_XXXX 常量比较确定所按下的按键int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();System.out.println("按下: " + e.getKeyCode());}@Overridepublic void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {// e.getKeyChar() 获取键入的字符System.out.println("键入: " + e.getKeyChar());}@Overridepublic void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {System.out.println("释放: " + e.getKeyCode());}
});

7. 窗口监听器 — WindowListener

窗口监听器只有窗口类组件支持，例如 JFrame、JDialog。

JFrame jf = new JFrame();jf.addWindowListener(new WindowListener() {@Overridepublic void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {System.out.println("windowOpened: 窗口首次变为可见时调用");}@Overridepublic void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {System.out.println("windowClosing: 用户试图从窗口的系统菜单中关闭窗口时调用");}@Overridepublic void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {System.out.println("windowClosed: 窗口调用 dispose 而将其关闭时调用");}@Overridepublic void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) {System.out.println("windowIconified: 窗口从正常状态变为最小化状态时调用");}@Overridepublic void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) {System.out.println("windowDeiconified: 窗口从最小化状态变为正常状态时调用");}@Overridepublic void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {System.out.println("windowActivated: 窗口变为活动状态时调用");}@Overridepublic void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) {System.out.println("windowDeactivated: 窗口变为不再是活动状态时调用");}
});// 窗口焦点监听器
jf.addWindowFocusListener(new WindowFocusListener() {@Overridepublic void windowGainedFocus(WindowEvent e) {System.out.println("windowGainedFocus: 窗口得到焦点");}@Overridepublic void windowLostFocus(WindowEvent e) {System.out.println("windowLostFocus: 窗口失去焦点");}
});// 窗口状态监听器
jf.addWindowStateListener(new WindowStateListener() {@Overridepublic void windowStateChanged(WindowEvent e) {System.out.println("windowStateChanged: " + e.getNewState());}
});

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