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现在有个需求，我有一个操作，但操作时间多，于是拆分多个子操作（可以并行的子操作），需要监控子操作的状态，甚至数据等。

为了实现一点，我们可以使用观察者设计模式，首先，子操作可以理解为一个subject，继承runnable，里面包含了observer，及状态变更时，通知observer的方法。

observer，定义一个操作方法，然后运行多个subject。

1.先定义一个subject，线程状态或者里面的数据的变化会主动通知

public abstract class ObservableRunnable implements Runnable {final protected LifeCycleListener listener; //observerpublic ObservableRunnable(final LifeCycleListener listener) {this.listener = listener;}protected void notifyChange(final RunnableEvent event) {listener.onEvent(event);}public enum RunnableState {RUNNING, ERROR, DONE}public static class RunnableEvent {private final RunnableState state;private final Thread thread;private final Throwable cause;public RunnableEvent(RunnableState state, Thread thread, Throwable cause) {this.state = state;this.thread = thread;this.cause = cause;}public RunnableState getState() {return state;}public Thread getThread() {return thread;}public Throwable getCause() {return cause;}}
}

2.定义一个observer

public interface LifeCycleListener {void onEvent(ObservableRunnable.RunnableEvent event);
}

public class ThreadLifeCycleObserver implements LifeCycleListener {private final Object LOCK = new Object();public void concurrentQuery(List<String> ids) {if (ids == null || ids.isEmpty())return;ids.stream().forEach(id -> new Thread(new ObservableRunnable(this) {@Overridepublic void run() {try {notifyChange(new RunnableEvent(RunnableState.RUNNING, Thread.currentThread(), null));System.out.println("query for the id " + id);Thread.sleep(1000L);notifyChange(new RunnableEvent(RunnableState.DONE, Thread.currentThread(), null));} catch (Exception e) {notifyChange(new RunnableEvent(RunnableState.ERROR, Thread.currentThread(), e));}}}, id).start());}@Overridepublic void onEvent(ObservableRunnable.RunnableEvent event) {synchronized (LOCK) {System.out.println("The runnable [" + event.getThread().getName() + "] data changed and state is [" + event.getState() + "]");if (event.getCause() != null) {System.out.println("The runnable [" + event.getThread().getName() + "] process failed.");event.getCause().printStackTrace();}}}
}

3.定义一个client

public class ThreadLifeCycleClient {public static void main(String[] args) {new ThreadLifeCycleObserver().concurrentQuery(Arrays.asList("1", "2"));}
}