wordpress 添加首页/seo排名优化怎么样
从图中可以很清楚的看出来推送的原理主要分为以下几步:
1.由App向iOS设备发送一个注册通知,用户需要同意系统发送推送。
2.iOS向APNs远程推送服务器发送App的Bundle Id和设备的UDID。
3.APNs根据设备的UDID和App的Bundle Id生成deviceToken再发回给App。
4.App再将deviceToken发送给远程推送服务器(自己的服务器), 由服务器保存在数据库中。
5.当自己的服务器想发送推送时, 在远程推送服务器中输入要发送的消息并选择发给哪些用户的deviceToken,由远程推送服务器发送给APNs。
6.APNs根据deviceToken发送给对应的用户。
· APNs 服务器就是苹果专门做远程推送的服务器。
·deviceToken是由APNs生成的一个专门找到你某个手机上的App的一个标识码。
· deviceToken 可能会变,如果你更改了你项目的bundle Identifier或者APNs服务器更新了可能会变。
再说一下简单实现,首先要去配置好证书,有调试和发布证书以及配置文件,这里不再细说。
1.必须先进行注册,得到用户授权
2.注册成功,接收从苹果服务器返回的唯一的设备token
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)app didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken {NSMutableString * devices_token = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"%@",deviceToken];
}
3.收到通知
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo
{NSLog(@"%@", userInfo);
}
4.注册推送失败原因
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)error {NSLog(@"Registfail,注册推送失败原因%@",error);
}
iOS 本地推送(Local Push)
推送是我们平时开发中常用的一种机制,无论iOS还是Android系统都有推送,推送可以让不在前台运行的app,告知用户app内部发生的事情,可以提高app的打开次数,增加日活。
iOS中的推送分为
1.本地推送通知(Local Notification)
2.远程推送通知(Remote Notification)
我们在平时的开发中,使用远程推送可能比较多,远程推送依赖于服务器,需要联网才能收到,本地推送无需联网,添加好定时器即可在指定时间发送推送,平时使用场景多是闹钟,提醒等。这里要说一点,就是iOS系统限制了注册本地推送的数量,最大的注册量为64条。
本片文章我们主要讲解本地推送
2、本地推送(Local Push)
- 无需联网即可推送
- 不需要创建推送证书
3、push交互(示例基于iOS8.0及以上)
- 注册通知,获取用户授权
// 在AppDelegate.m中
// iOS10.0 需要导入
#import <UserNotifications/UserNotifications.h>- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {[self registerAPN];return YES;
}// 注册通知
- (void)registerAPN {if (@available(iOS 10.0, *)) { // iOS10 以上UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];[center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:(UNAuthorizationOptionAlert + UNAuthorizationOptionSound) completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {}];} else {// iOS8.0 以上UIUserNotificationSettings *setting = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeBadge | UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert categories:nil];[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:setting];}
}
- 添加通知
- (void)addLocalNotice {if (@available(iOS 10.0, *)) {UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];UNMutableNotificationContent *content = [[UNMutableNotificationContent alloc] init];// 标题content.title = @"测试标题";content.subtitle = @"测试通知副标题";// 内容content.body = @"测试通知的具体内容";// 声音// 默认声音// content.sound = [UNNotificationSound defaultSound];// 添加自定义声音content.sound = [UNNotificationSound soundNamed:@"Alert_ActivityGoalAttained_Salient_Haptic.caf"];// 角标 (我这里测试的角标无效,暂时没找到原因)content.badge = @1;// 多少秒后发送,可以将固定的日期转化为时间NSTimeInterval time = [[NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:10] timeIntervalSinceNow];
// NSTimeInterval time = 10;// repeats,是否重复,如果重复的话时间必须大于60s,要不会报错UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger *trigger = [UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger triggerWithTimeInterval:time repeats:NO];/*//如果想重复可以使用这个,按日期// 周一早上 8:00 上班NSDateComponents *components = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init];// 注意,weekday默认是从周日开始components.weekday = 2;components.hour = 8;UNCalendarNotificationTrigger *calendarTrigger = [UNCalendarNotificationTrigger triggerWithDateMatchingComponents:components repeats:YES];*/// 添加通知的标识符,可以用于移除,更新等操作NSString *identifier = @"noticeId";UNNotificationRequest *request = [UNNotificationRequest requestWithIdentifier:identifier content:content trigger:trigger];[center addNotificationRequest:request withCompletionHandler:^(NSError *_Nullable error) {NSLog(@"成功添加推送");}];}else {UILocalNotification *notif = [[UILocalNotification alloc] init];// 发出推送的日期notif.fireDate = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:10];// 推送的内容notif.alertBody = @"你已经10秒没出现了";// 可以添加特定信息notif.userInfo = @{@"noticeId":@"00001"};// 角标notif.applicationIconBadgeNumber = 1;// 提示音notif.soundName = UILocalNotificationDefaultSoundName;// 每周循环提醒notif.repeatInterval = NSCalendarUnitWeekOfYear;[[UIApplication sharedApplication] scheduleLocalNotification:notif];}
}
- 移除通知
// 移除某一个指定的通知
- (void)removeOneNotificationWithID:(NSString *)noticeId {if (@available(iOS 10.0, *)) {UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];[center getPendingNotificationRequestsWithCompletionHandler:^(NSArray<UNNotificationRequest *> * _Nonnull requests) {for (UNNotificationRequest *req in requests){NSLog(@"存在的ID:%@\n",req.identifier);}NSLog(@"移除currentID:%@",noticeId);}];[center removePendingNotificationRequestsWithIdentifiers:@[noticeId]];}else {NSArray *array=[[UIApplication sharedApplication] scheduledLocalNotifications];for (UILocalNotification *localNotification in array){NSDictionary *userInfo = localNotification.userInfo;NSString *obj = [userInfo objectForKey:@"noticeId"];if ([obj isEqualToString:noticeId]) {[[UIApplication sharedApplication] cancelLocalNotification:localNotification];}}}
}// 移除所有通知
- (void)removeAllNotification {if (@available(iOS 10.0, *)) {UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];[center removeAllPendingNotificationRequests];}else {[[UIApplication sharedApplication] cancelAllLocalNotifications];}
}
- 检查授权情况
- (void)checkUserNotificationEnable { // 判断用户是否允许接收通知if (@available(iOS 10.0, *)) {__block BOOL isOn = NO;UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];[center getNotificationSettingsWithCompletionHandler:^(UNNotificationSettings * _Nonnull settings) {if (settings.notificationCenterSetting == UNNotificationSettingEnabled) {isOn = YES;NSLog(@"打开了通知");}else {isOn = NO;NSLog(@"关闭了通知");[self showAlertView];}}];}else {if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication] currentUserNotificationSettings].types == UIUserNotificationTypeNone){NSLog(@"关闭了通知");[self showAlertView];}else {NSLog(@"打开了通知");}}
}- (void)showAlertView {UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"通知" message:@"未获得通知权限,请前去设置" preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];[alert addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"取消" style:UIAlertActionStyleCancel handler:nil]];[alert addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"设置" style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {[self goToAppSystemSetting];}]];[self presentViewController:alert animated:YES completion:nil];
}// 如果用户关闭了接收通知功能,该方法可以跳转到APP设置页面进行修改
- (void)goToAppSystemSetting {dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{UIApplication *application = [UIApplication sharedApplication];NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString];if ([application canOpenURL:url]) {if (@available(iOS 10.0, *)) {if ([application respondsToSelector:@selector(openURL:options:completionHandler:)]) {[application openURL:url options:@{} completionHandler:nil];}}else {[application openURL:url];}}});
}
参数参考
//下面是iOS 8.0的,iOS10.0及以上类似,具体使用可查找
fireDate:启动时间
timeZone:启动时间参考的时区
repeatInterval:重复推送时间(NSCalendarUnit类型),0代表不重复
repeatCalendar:重复推送时间(NSCalendar类型)
alertBody:通知内容
alertAction:解锁滑动时的事件
alertLaunchImage:启动图片,设置此字段点击通知时会显示该图片
alertTitle:通知标题,适用iOS8.2之后
applicationIconBadgeNumber:收到通知时App icon的角标
soundName:推送是带的声音提醒,设置默认的字段为UILocalNotificationDefaultSoundName
userInfo:发送通知时附加的内容
category:此属性和注册通知类型时有关联,(有兴趣的同学自己了解,不详细叙述)适用iOS8.0之后region:带有定位的推送相关属性,具体使用见下面【带有定位的本地推送】适用iOS8.0之后
regionTriggersOnce:带有定位的推送相关属性,具体使用见下面【带有定位的本地推送】适用iOS8.0之后
-
通知示例
补充:若要推送中添加图片,则可以添加以下代码:
-
//3.下载图片//3.1获取图片NSString * imageUrlString = @"https://img1.doubanio.com/img/musician/large/22817.jpg";NSData *imageData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:imageUrlString]];//3.2图片保存到沙盒NSString *documentPath = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES).firstObject;NSString *localPath = [documentPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"localNotificationImage.jpg"];[imageData writeToFile:localPath atomically:YES];//3.3设置通知的attachment(附件)if (localPath && ![localPath isEqualToString:@""]) {UNNotificationAttachment * attachment = [UNNotificationAttachment attachmentWithIdentifier:@"photo" URL:[NSURL URLWithString:[@"file://" stringByAppendingString:localPath]] options:nil error:nil];if (attachment) {content.attachments = @[attachment];}}
4、总结
本文主要介绍了本地通知的用法,将iOS8.0和10.0以上都进行了区分,具体的使用还需要大家根据具体情况而定,希望对大家有所帮助。
最后,附上Demo->>>>>传送门
5、参考
- iOS10推送必看UNNotificationAttachment以及UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger
- iOS开发,本地推送的使用
- iOS系统与其他提示音汇总
可能有的用户在使用的过程中出现了在iOS9以后调试出现错误信息:This application is modifying the autolayout engine from a background thread, which can lead to engine corruption and weird crashes. This will cause an exception in a future release.