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news 2025/7/20 1:23:48

网站建设开发方式包括,seo的优点有哪些,网络科技有限公司是诈骗公司吗,成都网站开发建设推广TCP TCP是面向连接的字节流传输控制协议（面向连接就是互通之前先建立起连接）,有验证重发机制，不会出现丢包或乱序；建立连接时有三次握手，取消连接时有四次挥手。三次握手就是两者进行一些约定，对格式的空间…

TCP

TCP是面向连接的字节流传输控制协议（面向连接就是互通之前先建立起连接）,有验证重发机制，不会出现丢包或乱序；建立连接时有三次握手，取消连接时有四次挥手。三次握手就是两者进行一些约定，对格式的空间等信息进行传递。在用户层中提供的是数据，然后经过TCP协议添加了首部成为TCP段，再经过IP协议层添加了IP首部成为IP数据报，再到硬件驱动层添加以太网首部和以太网尾部成为以太网帧，TCP 报文头里面的序号能使 TCP 的数据按顺序到达；有累计确认及超时重传机制（时间加倍）。TCP主要传输重要数据（如文件），FTP属于TCP传输。
在这里插入图片描述

通信例程

服务器端

#include <sys/types.h>         
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>#define SERVER_PORT 8888
#define BACKLOG 	10int main(int argc,char **argv)
{int iSocketServer;int iSocketClient;struct sockaddr_in tSocketServerAddr;struct sockaddr_in tSocketClientAddr;int iRet;int iAddrLen;int iClientNum = -1;int iRecvLen;unsigned char ucRecvBuf[1000];signal(SIGCHLD,SIG_IGN);// 获得文件句柄iSocketServer = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);if(-1 == iSocketServer){printf("socket error!\n");return -1;}// 配置本地信息tSocketServerAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;			// Ipv4协议tSocketServerAddr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); // 设置端口tSocketServerAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;	// 允许任何地址memset(tSocketServerAddr.sin_zero,0,8);// 传递前面构造的结构体iRet = bind(iSocketServer,(const struct sockaddr *)&tSocketServerAddr,sizeof(struct sockaddr));if(-1 == iRet){printf("bind error!\n");return 0;}// 监听信息iRet = listen(iSocketServer,BACKLOG);if(-1 == iRet){printf("listen error!\n");return -1;}while(1){iAddrLen = sizeof(struct sockaddr);// 获取客户端信息iSocketClient = accept(iSocketServer,(struct sockaddr *)&tSocketClientAddr,&iAddrLen);if(-1 != iSocketClient){iClientNum++;printf("Get connect from client %d : %s\n",iClientNum,inet_ntoa(tSocketClientAddr.sin_addr));if(!fork()){while(1){// send/recv发送接收信息iRecvLen = recv(iSocketClient,ucRecvBuf,999,0);if(iRecvLen <= 0){close(iSocketClient);return -1;}else{ucRecvBuf[iRecvLen]='\0';printf("Get Msg From Client %d : %s",iClientNum,ucRecvBuf);}}}}}close(iSocketClient);return 0;
}

客户端

#include <sys/types.h>       
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>#define SERVER_PORT 8888int main(int argc,char **argv)
{int iSocketClient;struct sockaddr_in tSocketServerAddr;int iRet;unsigned char ucSendBuf[1000];int iSendlen;if(argc != 2){printf("Usage:\n");printf("%s <server_ip>\n",argv[0]);return -1;}// 打开获得句柄iSocketClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);tSocketServerAddr.sin_family	 = AF_INET;tSocketServerAddr.sin_port		 = htons(SERVER_PORT);if(0 == inet_aton(argv[1],&tSocketServerAddr.sin_addr)){printf("invalid server_ip\n");return -1;}memset(tSocketServerAddr.sin_zero, 0, 8);// 与服务器端建立连接iRet = connect(iSocketClient, (const struct sockaddr *)&tSocketServerAddr,sizeof(struct sockaddr));if(-1 == iRet){printf("connect error!\n");return -1;}while(1){if(fgets(ucSendBuf,999,stdin)){// 发送接收信息iSendlen = send(iSocketClient,ucSendBuf,strlen(ucSendBuf),0);if(iSendlen <= 0){close(iSocketClient);return -1;}}}return 0;
}

UDP

UDP是无连接的数据报服务，不对数据包进行检查、无需等待对方应答，会出现丢包乱序，但具有较好的实时性，比TCP结构简单，适用直播、游戏、物联网等实时性比较高的传输。TFTP、DHCP属于UDP的一种。
在这里插入图片描述

通信例程

服务器端

（注意对比一下TCP的例程）

#include <sys/types.h>         
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>#define SERVER_PORT 8888int main(int argc,char **argv)
{int iSocketServer;int iSocketClient;struct sockaddr_in tSocketServerAddr;struct sockaddr_in tSocketClientAddr;int iRet;int iAddrLen;int iClientNum = -1;int iRecvLen;unsigned char ucRecvBuf[1000];signal(SIGCHLD,SIG_IGN);// 打开获得句柄iSocketServer = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);if(-1 == iSocketServer){printf("socket error!\n");return -1;}// 配置本地信息tSocketServerAddr.sin_family	  = AF_INET;tSocketServerAddr.sin_port		  = htons(SERVER_PORT);tSocketServerAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;memset(tSocketServerAddr.sin_zero,0,8);// 传递前面构造的结构体iRet = bind(iSocketServer,(const struct sockaddr *)&tSocketServerAddr,sizeof(struct sockaddr));if(-1 == iRet){printf("bind error!\n");return -1;}while(1){iAddrLen = sizeof(struct sockaddr);// 发送/接收信息iRecvLen = recvfrom(iSocketServer, ucRecvBuf, 999, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&tSocketClientAddr, &iAddrLen);if(iRecvLen > 0){ucRecvBuf[iRecvLen] = '\0';printf("Get Msg From %s : %s\n", inet_ntoa(tSocketClientAddr.sin_addr), ucRecvBuf);}}close(iSocketClient);return 0;
}

客户端

#include <sys/types.h>       
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>#define SERVER_PORT 8888int main(int argc,char **argv)
{int iSocketClient;struct sockaddr_in tSocketServerAddr;int iRet;unsigned char ucSendBuf[1000];int iSendLen;int iAddrLen;if(argc != 2){printf("Usage:\n");printf("%s <server_ip>\n",argv[0]);return -1;}// 打开获得句柄iSocketClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);tSocketServerAddr.sin_family	 = AF_INET;tSocketServerAddr.sin_port		 = htons(SERVER_PORT);if(0 == inet_aton(argv[1],&tSocketServerAddr.sin_addr)){printf("invalid server_ip\n");return -1;}memset(tSocketServerAddr.sin_zero, 0, 8);while(1){if(fgets(ucSendBuf,999,stdin)){iAddrLen = sizeof(struct sockaddr);// 发送/接收信息iSendLen = sendto(iSocketClient, ucSendBuf, strlen(ucSendBuf), 0, (const struct sockaddr *)&tSocketServerAddr, iAddrLen);if(iSendLen <= 0){close(iSocketClient);return -1;}}}return 0;
}