电商网站有哪些特色环球网最新消息
1 审计类型
-
强制审计
-
标准审计
-
标准审计主要包括：
-
触发器审计
-
精细化审计
1 语句级审计，指定数据库对象的所有活动的一种审计。
2 权限级审计，审计某种权限。
3 对象级审计，审计特定表上面的活动。
初始化参数audit_TRAIL设置为ture，可以启用标准审计。
- 测试范例：
DELETE t1 where nvl(object_NAME,SYSDATE)>1SELECT *FROM T1 where nvl(object_NAME,SYSDATE)>1select * from dba_audit_trail;audit all on t1;对于dml操作，不管成功或者失败都进行记录。对于ddl操作，测试在成功时进行审计，失败未审计。
1.1 触发器审计
BEGIN
INSERT INTO LOGON_TABLE VALUES (SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'TERMINAL'),
SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSIONID'),
SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'ISDBA'),
SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CURRENT_USER'),
SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CURRENT_USERID'),
SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSION_USER'),
SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSION_USERID'),
SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'DB_NAME'),
SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'HOST'),
SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'OS_USER'),
SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'IP_ADDRESS'),
SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'NETWORK_PROTOCOL'),
SYSDATE);
END;
-
精细化审计
1.3 创建FGA审计
1 审计insert
begindbms_fga.add_policy(object_schema => 'DS',object_name => 'IPTPM__SERVICE',policy_name => 'IPTPM__SERVICE_FGA',enable => true,statement_types => 'INSERT');END;2 审计行
begindbms_fga.add_policy(object_schema => 'DS',object_name => 'IPTPM__SERVICE',policy_name => 'IPTPM__SERVICE_FGA',audit_condition => 'department_id=10'enable => true,statement_types => 'INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,SELECT');END;3 审计列
begindbms_fga.add_policy(object_schema => 'DS',object_name => 'IPTPM__SERVICE',policy_name => 'IPTPM__SERVICE_FGA',audit_column => 'department_id'enable => true,statement_types => 'INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,SELECT');END;4 审计行列
begindbms_fga.add_policy(object_schema => 'DS',object_name => 'IPTPM_SERVICE',policy_name => 'IPTPM_SERVICE_FGA',audit_column => 'name'audit_condition => 'department_id=10'enable => true,statement_types => 'INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,SELECT');END;审计查询
select * from dba_audit_policies;select * from dba_fga_audit_trail;
审计删除
--drop policybegindbms_fga.drop_policy(object_schema => 'DNMS',object_name => 'IPTPM_WAP_SERVICE',policy_name => 'IPTPM_WAP_SERVICE_FGA');END;Oracle FGA审计记录的清理步骤
一、确认有哪些fga审计策略,
从select * from dba_audit_policies就可以查询到审计策略，请注意，查询结果中的每一行，就是一个审计策略。
另外，fga审计记录存放在这个视图中：select * from dba_fga_audit_trail该视图对应的后台基表为：sys.fga_log$，见如下的视图。注意，fga审计策略不是存放在sys.aud$表中！！！
---摘录开始
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW DBA_FGA_AUDIT_TRAIL
(session_id, timestamp, db_user, os_user, userhost, client_id, econtext_id, ext_name, object_schema, object_name, policy_name, scn, sql_text, sql_bind, comment$text, statement_type, extended_timestamp, proxy_sessionid, global_uid, instance_number, os_process, transactionid, statementid, entryid, obj_edition_name, dbid)
AS
select
sessionid,
CAST (
(FROM_TZ(ntimestamp#,'00:00') AT LOCAL) AS DATE
),
dbuid, osuid, oshst, clientid, auditid, extid,
obj$schema, obj$name, policyname, scn, to_nchar(substr(lsqltext,1,2000)),
to_nchar(substr(lsqlbind,1,2000)), comment$text,
DECODE(stmt_type,
1, 'SELECT', 2, 'INSERT', 4, 'UPDATE', 8, 'DELETE', 'INVALID'),
FROM_TZ(ntimestamp#,'00:00') AT LOCAL,
proxy$sid, user$guid, instance#, process#,
xid, statement, entryid, obj$edition, dbid
from sys.fga_log$
---摘录结束
二、禁用fga审计策略：
以下以 policy_name => 'EMP_FGA_AUDIT'为例子说明，当然，客户的环境中，可能存在多个审计策略。
begin
dbms_fga.enable_policy (
object_schema => 'SCOTT',
object_name =>'EMP',
policy_name => 'EMP_FGA_AUDIT',
enable => FALSE
);
end;
请补全其他的审计策略
三、执行exp 导出sys.fga_log$表exp sys/aa file=fga_logdmp log=fga_logexp.log tables=sys.fga_log$ buffer=99999999请注意：sys.fga_log$为5G大小（请注意，该表有lob字段，不能只查询dba_segments来确定带有lob列的表的大小），所以，导出可能需要一段时间。
四、 删除日志表：truncate table sys.fga_log$
五、开启fga审计策略：
begin
dbms_fga.enable_policy (
object_schema => 'SCOTT',
object_name =>'EMP',
policy_name => 'EMP_FGA_AUDIT',
enable => TRUE
);
end;
请补全其他的审计策略
注意：上边=>后边的信息，可以从dba_audit_policies查询出来。