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网络编程(Socket)

这里对网络编程做下简单的整理，填补下自己这方面的知识空白。如果想了解请参考张子阳的.Net之美.
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概念讲述

• TCP:面向连接的传输协议（网络协议的一种）
• 远程主机： 跨进程访问即为远程访问

• 套接字： 传输层与应用层的纽带，可使应用层编程不用关心传输层

  服务器与客户端链接

  服务端开启监听服务，客户端链接服务端。新建两个控制台程序Server/Client。
  Server:

static void Main(string[] args){Console.WriteLine("Server is running ...");IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");int port = 8500;TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(ip, port);listener.Start();Console.WriteLine("\n\n Enter \"Q\" exit.");ConsoleKey key;do{key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;} while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);}

Client:

static void Main(string[] args){Console.WriteLine("Client Running");TcpClient client = new TcpClient();IPAddress serverIp = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");int serverPort = 8500;try{client.Connect(serverIp, serverPort);}catch (Exception ex){Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);return;}Console.WriteLine("Server Connected!{0} --> {1}", client.Client.LocalEndPoint, client.Client.RemoteEndPoint);Console.WriteLine("\n\n Enter \"Q\" exit.");ConsoleKey key;do{key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;} while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);}

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命令行运行netstat -a查看端口连接状态

服务端获取客户端链接

AcceptTcpClient()为阻塞方法，调用后线程等待客户端链接
Server:

        static void Main(string[] args){Console.WriteLine("Server is running ...");IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");int port = 8500;TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(ip, port);listener.Start();Console.WriteLine("Start Listening ...");//目的获取多个客户端信息while(true){try{//获取一个连接，中断方法(等待客户端的链接)TcpClient remoteClient = listener.AcceptTcpClient();//打印链接到的客户端信息Console.WriteLine("Client Connected!{0}<-{1}", remoteClient.Client.LocalEndPoint, remoteClient.Client.RemoteEndPoint);}catch (Exception ex){Console.WriteLine("Error:" + ex.Message);}}}

客户端发送信息服务端接受

Server:

static void Main(string[] args){int BufferSize = 8192;Console.WriteLine("Server is running ...");IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");int port = 8500;TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(ip, port);listener.Start();Console.WriteLine("Start Listening ...");//目的获取多个客户端信息while(true){try{//获取一个连接，中断方法(等待客户端的链接)TcpClient remoteClient = listener.AcceptTcpClient();//打印链接到的客户端信息Console.WriteLine("Client Connected!{0}<-{1}", remoteClient.Client.LocalEndPoint, remoteClient.Client.RemoteEndPoint);//获得流并写入buffer中NetworkStream streamToClient = remoteClient.GetStream();byte[] buffer = new byte[BufferSize];int bytesRead = streamToClient.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);Console.WriteLine("Reading data,{0}bytes",bytesRead);//获得请求的字符串string msg = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(buffer, 0, bytesRead);Console.WriteLine("Received:{0}",msg);}catch (Exception ex){Console.WriteLine("Error:" + ex.Message);}}}

Client:

static void Main(string[] args){Console.WriteLine("Client Running");TcpClient client = new TcpClient();IPAddress serverIp = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");int serverPort = 8500;try{client.Connect(serverIp, serverPort);}catch (Exception ex){Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);return;}Console.WriteLine("Server Connected!{0} --> {1}", client.Client.LocalEndPoint, client.Client.RemoteEndPoint);string msg = "\"Welcome To TraceFact.Net\"";NetworkStream streamToServer = client.GetStream();byte[] buffer = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(msg);streamToServer.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);Console.WriteLine("Sent:{0}",msg);Console.WriteLine("\n\n Enter \"Q\" exit.");ConsoleKey key;do{key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;} while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);}