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一、 feign简介

Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端，它使得写Http客户端变得更简单。使用Feign，只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特性，可使用Feign注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign默认集成了Ribbon，并和Eureka结合，默认实现了负载均衡的效果。

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简而言之：

Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解

Feign 整合了ribbon

二、创建一个feign的服务

1）新建一个Springboot项目service-feign，它的pom.xml文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.example</groupId><artifactId>service-feign</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>jar</packaging><name>service-feign</name><description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version><relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding><java.version>1.8</java.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build><repositories><repository><id>spring-milestones</id><name>Spring Milestones</name><url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url><snapshots><enabled>false</enabled></snapshots></repository></repositories>
</project>
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2）配置application.yml

eureka:client:serviceUrl:defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:port: 8765
spring:application:name: service-feign
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3）feign-service的启动类，在启动类上添加@EnableDiscoveryClient @EnableFeignClients 注解，表示用注解开启feign功能。如果标注了@FeignClient的接口和启动类不在一个包下，应该在@EnableFeignClient()中添加所在包

package com.example.demo;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients;
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ServiceFeignApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(ServiceFeignApplication.class, args);}
}
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4）定义一个feign接口，通过@FeignClient（“服务名”），来指定调用哪个服务。比如在代码中调用了hello-service服务的“/hello”接口，代码如下，在启动该项目时，@EnableFeignClients注解就会让Feign在指定包下扫描所有标注了@FeignClient的接口

package com.liantong.service;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@FeignClient("service-helloworld") //向注册中心申请使用service-helloworld客户端
public interface HelloService {@RequestMapping("/hello") //表明使用service-helloworld中的“/hello方法”String sayHelloFromClient();
}
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5）controller层

package com.liantong.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import com.liantong.service.HelloService;@Controller
public class HelloController {@Autowiredprivate HelloService hs;@RequestMapping("/hello")@ResponseBodypublic String hello() {return hs.sayHelloFromClient();}
}
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6）依次启动eureka-server，两个service-helloworld，再启动本项目，完成！

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