CMDB之数据库表设计
1.开发CMDB的背景
很多公司还在用Excel维护资产信息，当服务器数量变多时，难以保证excel表格的正确性，而且不同部门之间交换信息不方便。实现自动采集资产，自动汇报，并自动保存变更记录。
2.CMDB架构
- 资产采集（资产采集）
- API（接受数据保存入库，对外提供数据接口）
- 后台管理
3.资产采集方式
三种方案
- agent
- paramiko
- saltstack
4.服务器的唯一标识
a.不需要采集虚拟机
- 采用主板的SN号作为唯一标识。
b.需要采集虚拟机
- 对服务器进行标准化，唯一标识选用hostname
5.CMDB流程
- 装机同时，主机名在CMDB中设置
- 第一次采集，将主机名写入文件，发送到API
- 第N次采集，主机名从直接从文件名中获取。
6.表结构图示
7.django-models结构
from django.db import modelsclass UserProfile(models.Model):"""用户信息"""name = models.CharField(u'姓名', max_length=32)email = models.EmailField(u'邮箱')phone = models.CharField(u'座机', max_length=32)mobile = models.CharField(u'手机', max_length=32)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = "用户表"def __str__(self):return self.nameclass AdminInfo(models.Model):"""用户登陆相关信息"""user_info = models.OneToOneField("UserProfile")username = models.CharField(u'用户名', max_length=64)password = models.CharField(u'密码', max_length=64)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = "管理员表"def __str__(self):return self.user_info.nameclass UserGroup(models.Model):"""用户组"""name = models.CharField(max_length=32, unique=True)users = models.ManyToManyField('UserProfile')class Meta:verbose_name_plural = "用户组表"def __str__(self):return self.nameclass BusinessUnit(models.Model):"""业务线,业务联系人和系统管理员"""name = models.CharField('业务线', max_length=64, unique=True)contact = models.ForeignKey('UserGroup', verbose_name='业务联系人', related_name='c')manager = models.ForeignKey('UserGroup', verbose_name='系统管理员', related_name='m')class Meta:verbose_name_plural = "业务线表"def __str__(self):return self.nameclass IDC(models.Model):"""机房信息"""name = models.CharField('机房', max_length=32)floor = models.IntegerField('楼层', default=1)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = "机房表"def __str__(self):return self.nameclass Tag(models.Model):"""资产标签"""name = models.CharField('标签', max_length=32, unique=True)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = "标签表"def __str__(self):return self.nameclass Asset(models.Model):"""资产信息表，所有资产公共信息（交换机，服务器，防火墙等）"""device_type_choices = ((1, '服务器'),(2, '交换机'),(3, '防火墙'),)device_status_choices = ((1, '上架'),(2, '在线'),(3, '离线'),(4, '下架'),)device_type_id = models.IntegerField(choices=device_type_choices, default=1)device_status_id = models.IntegerField(choices=device_status_choices, default=1)cabinet_num = models.CharField('机柜号', max_length=30, null=True, blank=True)cabinet_order = models.CharField('机柜中序号', max_length=30, null=True, blank=True)idc = models.ForeignKey('IDC', verbose_name='IDC机房', null=True, blank=True)business_unit = models.ForeignKey('BusinessUnit', verbose_name='属于的业务线', null=True, blank=True)tag = models.ManyToManyField('Tag')latest_date = models.DateField(null=True)create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = "资产表"def __str__(self):return "%s-%s-%s" % (self.idc.name, self.cabinet_num, self.cabinet_order)class Server(models.Model):"""服务器信息"""asset = models.OneToOneField('Asset')hostname = models.CharField(max_length=128, unique=True)sn = models.CharField('SN号', max_length=64, db_index=True)manufacturer = models.CharField(verbose_name='制造商', max_length=64, null=True, blank=True)model = models.CharField('型号', max_length=64, null=True, blank=True)manage_ip = models.GenericIPAddressField('管理IP', null=True, blank=True)os_platform = models.CharField('系统', max_length=16, null=True, blank=True)os_version = models.CharField('系统版本', max_length=16, null=True, blank=True)cpu_count = models.IntegerField('CPU个数', null=True, blank=True)cpu_physical_count = models.IntegerField('CPU物理个数', null=True, blank=True)cpu_model = models.CharField('CPU型号', max_length=128, null=True, blank=True)create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, blank=True)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = "服务器表"def __str__(self):return self.hostnameclass NetworkDevice(models.Model):asset = models.OneToOneField('Asset')management_ip = models.CharField('管理IP', max_length=64, blank=True, null=True)vlan_ip = models.CharField('VlanIP', max_length=64, blank=True, null=True)intranet_ip = models.CharField('内网IP', max_length=128, blank=True, null=True)sn = models.CharField('SN号', max_length=64, unique=True)manufacture = models.CharField(verbose_name=u'制造商', max_length=128, null=True, blank=True)model = models.CharField('型号', max_length=128, null=True, blank=True)port_num = models.SmallIntegerField('端口个数', null=True, blank=True)device_detail = models.CharField('设置详细配置', max_length=255, null=True, blank=True)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = "网络设备"class Disk(models.Model):"""硬盘信息"""slot = models.CharField('插槽位', max_length=8)model = models.CharField('磁盘型号', max_length=32)capacity = models.FloatField('磁盘容量GB')pd_type = models.CharField('磁盘类型', max_length=32)server_obj = models.ForeignKey('Server',related_name='disk')class Meta:verbose_name_plural = "硬盘表"def __str__(self):return self.slotclass NIC(models.Model):"""网卡信息"""name = models.CharField('网卡名称', max_length=128)hwaddr = models.CharField('网卡mac地址', max_length=64)netmask = models.CharField(max_length=64)ipaddrs = models.CharField('ip地址', max_length=256)up = models.BooleanField(default=False)server_obj = models.ForeignKey('Server',related_name='nic')class Meta:verbose_name_plural = "网卡表"def __str__(self):return self.nameclass Memory(models.Model):"""内存信息"""slot = models.CharField('插槽位', max_length=32)manufacturer = models.CharField('制造商', max_length=32, null=True, blank=True)model = models.CharField('型号', max_length=64)capacity = models.FloatField('容量', null=True, blank=True)sn = models.CharField('内存SN号', max_length=64, null=True, blank=True)speed = models.CharField('速度', max_length=16, null=True, blank=True)server_obj = models.ForeignKey('Server',related_name='memory')class Meta:verbose_name_plural = "内存表"def __str__(self):return self.slotclass AssetRecord(models.Model):"""资产变更记录,creator为空时，表示是资产汇报的数据。"""asset_obj = models.ForeignKey('Asset', related_name='ar')content = models.TextField(null=True)# 新增硬盘creator = models.ForeignKey('UserProfile', null=True, blank=True) #create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = "资产记录表"def __str__(self):return "%s-%s-%s" % (self.asset_obj.idc.name, self.asset_obj.cabinet_num, self.asset_obj.cabinet_order)class ErrorLog(models.Model):"""错误日志,如：agent采集数据错误 或 运行错误"""asset_obj = models.ForeignKey('Asset', null=True, blank=True)title = models.CharField(max_length=16)content = models.TextField()create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)class Meta:verbose_name_plural = "错误日志表"def __str__(self):return self.title