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登录进入数据库，本机测试数据库没有设置密码。其他密码登录请执行命令。（假设服务器是127.0.0.1，用户名是root）

这里输入代码

[root@localhost ~]mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p

[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 10176
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB ServerCopyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'collation_%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name        | Value             |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci   |
| collation_database   | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server     | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | latin1                     |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#修改数据库字符集
MariaDB [(none)]>use cacti
MariaDB [(none)]> alter database cacti character set utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | latin1                     |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)MariaDB [(none)]>

修改数据库和服务器编码。

MariaDB [(none)]> set character_set_database=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> set character_set_server=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#修改查询结果编码
MariaDB [(none)]> SET character_set_results = utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

创建数据库指定数据库并字符集。

   mysql>create database mydb character set utf-8;

修改编码也可以修改MySQL数据库配置文件并重启服务，本文不加以介绍。