台州网站建设方案网络推广方法有哪几种

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官方介绍

我的理解：du是document的简写形式。

Ubuntu的du命名解释详情：man du输出内容：

DU(1)                                  User Commands                                 DU(1)NAMEdu - estimate file space usageSYNOPSISdu [OPTION]... [FILE]...du [OPTION]... --files0-from=FDESCRIPTIONSummarize disk usage of the set of FILEs, recursively for directories.Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.-0, --nullend each output line with NUL, not newline-a, --allwrite counts for all files, not just directories--apparent-sizeprint  apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although the apparent size isusually smaller, it may be larger due to holes in ('sparse') files, internalfragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like-B, --block-size=SIZEscale  sizes by SIZE before printing them; e.g., '-BM' prints sizes in unitsof 1,048,576 bytes; see SIZE format below-b, --bytesequivalent to '--apparent-size --block-size=1'-c, --totalproduce a grand total-D, --dereference-argsdereference only symlinks that are listed on the command line-d, --max-depth=Nprint the total for a directory (or file, with --all) only if  it  is  N  orfewer  levels below the command line argument;  --max-depth=0 is the same as--summarize--files0-from=Fsummarize disk usage of the NUL-terminated file names specified in  file  F;if F is -, then read names from standard input-H     equivalent to --dereference-args (-D)-h, --human-readableprint sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)--inodeslist inode usage information instead of block usage-k     like --block-size=1K-L, --dereferencedereference all symbolic links-l, --count-linkscount sizes many times if hard linked-m     like --block-size=1M-P, --no-dereferencedon't follow any symbolic links (this is the default)-S, --separate-dirsfor directories do not include size of subdirectories--si   like -h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024-s, --summarizedisplay only a total for each argument-t, --threshold=SIZEexclude  entries smaller than SIZE if positive, or entries greater than SIZEif negative--time show time of the last modification of any file in the directory, or  any  ofits subdirectories--time=WORDshow time as WORD instead of modification time: atime, access, use, ctime orstatus--time-style=STYLEshow times using STYLE, which can be: full-iso, long-iso, iso,  or  +FORMAT;FORMAT is interpreted like in 'date'-X, --exclude-from=FILEexclude files that match any pattern in FILE--exclude=PATTERNexclude files that match PATTERN-x, --one-file-systemskip directories on different file systems--help display this help and exit--versionoutput version information and exitDisplay  values are in units of the first available SIZE from --block-size, and theDU_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE environment  variables.   Otherwise,  unitsdefault to 1024 bytes (or 512 if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set).The SIZE argument is an integer and optional unit (example: 10K is 10*1024).  Unitsare K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y (powers of 1024) or KB,MB,... (powers of 1000).PATTERNSPATTERN is a shell pattern (not a regular expression).  The pattern ?  matches  anyone  character,  whereas  *  matches  any string (composed of zero, one or multiplecharacters).  For example, *.o will match any files whose names end in .o.   There‐fore, the commanddu --exclude='*.o'will skip all files and subdirectories ending in .o (including the file .o itself).AUTHORWritten by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, Paul Eggert, and Jim Meyering.REPORTING BUGSGNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>Report du translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>COPYRIGHTCopyright  © 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute  it.   There  is  NOWARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.SEE ALSOFull documentation at: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/du>or available locally via: info '(coreutils) du invocation'GNU coreutils 8.28                     January 2018                                  DU(1)

简单介绍

du - estimate file space usage：估计文件空间使用情况。
Summarize disk usage of the set of FILEs, recursively for directories.：递归遍历目录。

默认设置(不指定文件夹、不带选项的情况下)：

• 默认情况下遍历当前目录下的所有文件和目录、以及子目录。相当于加了 -a。
• 容量表示磁盘使用量；单位为kb，相当于加了 --block-size=1k。
• 最后面会显示当前文件夹的总的大小。

举例：

$ du
……
40      ./03H5游戏/八款经典HTML5小游戏源码/08/js
20      ./03H5游戏/八款经典HTML5小游戏源码/08/src/views
89      ./03H5游戏/八款经典HTML5小游戏源码/08/src
4795    ./03H5游戏/八款经典HTML5小游戏源码/08
18476   ./03H5游戏/八款经典HTML5小游戏源码
19308   ./03H5游戏
82260   .

常用选项

与单位相关的选项

–apparent-size

print apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although the apparent size is
usually smaller, it may be larger due to holes in (‘sparse’) files, internal
fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like

显示文件的表面的大小，而不是默认的磁盘使用量（–block-size=1k）。一般情况下都会比磁盘使用量少，如果你有注意的话window的容量也是有两种显示的。

$ du  --max-depth=1 --apparent-size
19      ./.git
15163   ./00实用模板
13076   ./00登录模板
8666    ./01H5
2004    ./01H5-CSS3
9371    ./01H5-CSS3-3D
621     ./01H5-SVG
11226   ./02H5-Canvas
18598   ./03H5游戏
78742   .$ du  --max-depth=1
48      ./.git
15970   ./00实用模板
13831   ./00登录模板
9069    ./01H5
2190    ./01H5-CSS3
9535    ./01H5-CSS3-3D
675     ./01H5-SVG
11623   ./02H5-Canvas
19308   ./03H5游戏
82260   .

-B, --block-size=SIZE

scale sizes by SIZE before printing them; e.g., ‘-BM’ prints sizes in units
of 1,048,576 bytes; see SIZE format below

The SIZE argument is an integer and optional unit (example: 10K is 10*1024). Units
are K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y (powers of 1024) or KB,MB,… (powers of 1000).
注：这里不区分大小写，如：K和k是一样的。

以什么单位显示块的大小。-B需要结合下面的选项一起使用。如：

$ du -BK --max-depth=1
48K     ./.git
15970K  ./00实用模板
13831K  ./00登录模板
9069K   ./01H5
2190K   ./01H5-CSS3
9535K   ./01H5-CSS3-3D
675K    ./01H5-SVG
11623K  ./02H5-Canvas
19308K  ./03H5游戏
82260K  .$ du -BM --max-depth=1
1M      ./.git
16M     ./00实用模板
14M     ./00登录模板
9M      ./01H5
3M      ./01H5-CSS3
10M     ./01H5-CSS3-3D
1M      ./01H5-SVG
12M     ./02H5-Canvas
19M     ./03H5游戏
81M     .

长命令格式（和下面的效果一样）：

$ du --max-depth=1 --block-size=1k
48      ./.git
15970   ./00实用模板
13831   ./00登录模板
9069    ./01H5
2190    ./01H5-CSS3
9535    ./01H5-CSS3-3D
675     ./01H5-SVG
11623   ./02H5-Canvas
19308   ./03H5游戏
82260   .$ du --max-depth=1 --block-size=1m
1       ./.git
16      ./00实用模板
14      ./00登录模板
9       ./01H5
3       ./01H5-CSS3
10      ./01H5-CSS3-3D
1       ./01H5-SVG
12      ./02H5-Canvas
19      ./03H5游戏
81      .

-b, --bytes

equivalent to ‘–apparent-size --block-size=1’

（文件的表面大小）单位为字节。

-k

like --block-size=1K

单位为kb。

-m

like --block-size=1M

单位为mb。

与遍历深度相关的选项

-s, --summarize

display only a total for each argument

只显示当前目录的总的大小。

$ du --summarize
82260   .

-d, --max-depth=N

print the total for a directory (or file, with --all) only if it is N or
fewer levels below the command line argument; --max-depth=0 is the same as
–summarize

指定遍历深度，如果不指定表示遍历到底；如果是0，同--summarize只显示总大小；如果是1，表示只遍历当前目录，不递归遍历子目录（如果有的话）。

$ du --max-depth=0
82260   .$ du --max-depth=1
48      ./.git
15970   ./00实用模板
13831   ./00登录模板
9069    ./01H5
2190    ./01H5-CSS3
9535    ./01H5-CSS3-3D
675     ./01H5-SVG
11623   ./02H5-Canvas
19308   ./03H5游戏
82260   .

-h, --human-readable

print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)

形象的显示单位，使其更加易读。

$ du -h --max-depth=1
48K     ./.git
16M     ./00实用模板
14M     ./00登录模板
8.9M    ./01H5
2.2M    ./01H5-CSS3
9.4M    ./01H5-CSS3-3D
675K    ./01H5-SVG
12M     ./02H5-Canvas
19M     ./03H5游戏
81M     .

常用案例介绍

1.直观地显示当前目录文件大小：du -sh

$ du -sh
81M     .

2.直观地显示当前目录文件内所有文件大小,不递归：du -h --max-depth=1

$ du -h --max-depth=1
48K     ./.git
16M     ./00实用模板
14M     ./00登录模板
8.9M    ./01H5
2.2M    ./01H5-CSS3
9.4M    ./01H5-CSS3-3D
675K    ./01H5-SVG
12M     ./02H5-Canvas
19M     ./03H5游戏
81M     .

3.指定文件/文件夹du file

$ ls
00登录模板/  01H5/       01H5-CSS3-3D/  02H5-Canvas/  LICENSE.txt
00实用模板/  01H5-CSS3/  01H5-SVG/      03H5游戏/     README.md# 指定文件
$ du LICENSE.txt
4       LICENSE.txt# 指定文件夹
du 01H5/
……
260     01H5/html5音乐播放器音频播放代码/img
96      01H5/html5音乐播放器音频播放代码/js
196     01H5/html5音乐播放器音频播放代码/mp3
609     01H5/html5音乐播放器音频播放代码
1       01H5/火花文字动画html5_css3_wenzdh/css
12      01H5/火花文字动画html5_css3_wenzdh/js
18      01H5/火花文字动画html5_css3_wenzdh
9069    01H5/

4.显示文件夹内所有文件大小du -a

如果不加-a，默认情况下只显示文件夹大小，不显示文件大小。

# -a, --all             write counts for all files, not just directories
# 显示所有文件的大小，而不仅仅是文件夹
$ du -ah
1.4M    ./1.5.0-阿里巴巴Java开发手册（华山版）.pdf
76K     ./CollectHomework/CollectHomework-1.jpg
128K    ./CollectHomework/CollectHomework-2.jpg
204K    ./CollectHomework
56K     ./hello-word/github-bootstrap语言识别情况.jpg
20K     ./hello-word/github-hello-world1语言识别情况.jpg
28K     ./hello-word/github-hello-world2语言识别情况.jpg
12K     ./hello-word/github-hello-world语言识别情况.jpg
64K     ./hello-word/github语言识别情况.jpg
52K     ./hello-word/hello-world-github.png
16K     ./hello-word/hello-world-github1.png
252K    ./hello-word
1.9M 

5.排除某文件du --exclude=""

如果不加路径参数，默认是查询当前文件夹的文件大小。

你也可以指定具体的文件（夹），就像这样：du -sh ./test/ ，查看test文件夹大小。

当然你也可以排除具体的文件（夹），就像这样：du -sh --exclude="./test/" ，当前目录的排除test文件夹后的其余文件的大小。

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这篇文章也分享了一些案例：https://blog.csdn.net/learner198461/article/details/54602324