一、创建Windows Service
1、新建一个Windows Service,并将项目名称改为“MyWindowsService”,如下图所示:
2、在解决方案资源管理器内将Service1.cs改为MyService1.cs后并点击“查看代码”图标按钮进入代码编辑器界面,如下图所示:
3、在代码编辑器内如入以下代码,如下所示:
using System; using System.ServiceProcess; using System.IO;namespace MyWindowsService {public partial class MyService : ServiceBase{public MyService(){InitializeComponent();}string filePath = @"D:\MyServiceLog.txt";protected override void OnStart(string[] args){
//这块可以启动要守护的进程using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(filePath,FileMode.Append))using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream)){writer.WriteLine("{DateTime.Now},服务启动!");}}protected override void OnStop(){using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Append))using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream)){writer.WriteLine("{DateTime.Now},服务停止!");}}} }
4、双击项目“MyWindowsService”进入“MyService”设计界面,在空白位置右击鼠标弹出上下文菜单,选中“添加安装程序”,如下图所示:
5、此时软件会生成两个组件,分别为“serviceInstaller1”及“serviceProcessInstaller1”,如下图所示:
6、点击“serviceInstaller1”,在“属性”窗体将ServiceName改为MyService,Description改为我的服务,StartType保持为Manual,如下图所示:
7、点击“serviceProcessInstaller1”,在“属性”窗体将Account改为LocalSystem(服务属性系统级别),如下图所示:
8、鼠标右键点击项目“MyWindowsService”,在弹出的上下文菜单中选择“生成”按钮,如下图所示:
9、至此,Windows服务已经创建完毕。
二.安装和启动和卸载服务(2种方式)
1.命令行安装、启动、和卸载
(1)在电脑中找到找到cmd.exe,一般在C:\Windows\System32目录下,然后以管理员身份运行
(2)在电脑系统中找到InstallUtil.exe,一般在C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319下面,DOS框切换到这个目录下
(3)执行命令:InstallUtil.exe + C:\Users\zhao\Desktop\111\text\WindowsService1\bin\Debug\WindowsService1.exe (安装服务)
(4)net start MyService(服务名) (启动服务)
服务启动到此结束,如果要卸载此服务,执行命令:sc delete MyService
2.建立一个窗体,然后去安装、启动、停止和卸载服务
(1)、在同一个解决方案里新建一个Windows Form项目,并命名为WindowsServiceClient,如下图所示:
(2)、将该项目设置为启动项目,并在窗体内添加四个按钮,分别为安装服务、启动服务、停止服务及卸载服务,如下图所示:
(3)、按下F7进入代码编辑界面,引用“System.ServiceProcess”及“System.Configuration.Install”,并输入如下代码:
using System; using System.Collections; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.ServiceProcess; using System.Configuration.Install;namespace WindowsServiceClient {public partial class Form1 : Form{public Form1(){InitializeComponent();}string serviceFilePath = @"C:\Users\zhao\Desktop\111\text\WindowsService1\bin\Debug\WindowsService1.exe";string serviceName = "MyService";//事件:安装服务private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) this.UninstallService(serviceName);this.InstallService(serviceFilePath);}//事件:启动服务private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) this.ServiceStart(serviceName);}//事件:停止服务private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) this.ServiceStop(serviceName);}//事件:卸载服务private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)){this.ServiceStop(serviceName);this.UninstallService(serviceFilePath);}}//判断服务是否存在private bool IsServiceExisted(string serviceName){ServiceController[] services = ServiceController.GetServices();foreach (ServiceController sc in services){if (sc.ServiceName.ToLower() == serviceName.ToLower()){return true;}}return false;}//安装服务private void InstallService(string serviceFilePath){using (AssemblyInstaller installer = new AssemblyInstaller()){installer.UseNewContext = true;installer.Path = serviceFilePath;IDictionary savedState = new Hashtable();installer.Install(savedState);installer.Commit(savedState);}}//卸载服务private void UninstallService(string serviceFilePath){using (AssemblyInstaller installer = new AssemblyInstaller()){installer.UseNewContext = true;installer.Path = serviceFilePath;installer.Uninstall(null);}}//启动服务private void ServiceStart(string serviceName){using (ServiceController control = new ServiceController(serviceName)){if (control.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped){control.Start();}}}//停止服务private void ServiceStop(string serviceName){using (ServiceController control = new ServiceController(serviceName)){if (control.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Running){control.Stop();}}}} }
(4)、为了后续调试服务及安装卸载服务的需要,将已生成的MyWindowsService.exe引用到本Windows窗体,如下图所示:
(5)、由于需要安装服务,故需要使用UAC中Administrator的权限,鼠标右击项目“WindowsServiceClient”,在弹出的上下文菜单中选择“添加”->“新建项”,在弹出的选择窗体中选择“应用程序清单文件”并单击确定,如下图所示:
(6)、打开该文件,并将<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />改为<requestedExecutionLevel level="requireAdministrator" uiAccess="false" />,如下图所示:
(7)、使用WIN+R的方式打开运行窗体,并在窗体内输入services.msc后打开服务,如下图所示:
(8)、点击窗体内的“安装服务”按钮,将会在服务中出现MyService,如下图所示:
(9)、点击“运行服务”按钮,将启动并运行服务,如下所示:
(10)、点击“停止服务”按钮,将会停止运行服务,如下图所示:
(11)、点击“卸载服务”按钮,将会从服务中删除MyService服务。
(12)、以上启动及停止服务将会写入D:\MyServiceLog.txt,内容如下所示:
补充:如何调试服务
1、要调试服务,其实很简单,如需将服务附加进程到需要调试的项目里面即可,假如要调试刚才建的服务,现在OnStop事件里设置断点,如下所示:
2、启动“WindowsServiceClient”项目,在“调试”菜单中选择“附件到进程”(服务必须事先安装),如下所示:
3、找到“MyWindowsService.exe”,点击“附加”按钮,如下图所示:
4、点击“停止服务”按钮,程序将会在设置断点的地方中断,如下图所示:
转载:CNXY